Surely, many people who are engaged in construction are interested in many topics related to the roofing device. The topic of this article has a slightly different angle than the choice of roofing material and its installation. Today we will touch upon such an issue as access to the roof through the hatch and other systems of exits through the roof of the necessary passage elements.
Roof equipment
A complete roof consists of more than just a substructure, base sheets, and gutter elements.
A safe and functional roof includes various exit elements. These can be passages:
- ventilation systems;
- antennas;
- roof hatches;
- passing elements;
- roof valves and fans.
Modern elements of exits to the roof space are high quality products.
They have the following properties:
- easily combined with roofing;
- have an elegant appearance;
- durable;
- reliable;
- provide ease of installation;
- easy to use.
Application area
Exit elements are used on those roofs where a technical and technological exit to the roof is required.
Technological exits to the roof are provided at the following construction sites:
- mansions;
- residential high-rise buildings;
- houses of tape building;
- kindergartens and schools;
- during the reconstruction of old buildings;
- public facilities;
- non-residential premises.
Technical outputs (ventilation elements and antennas) are applicable in functioning buildings of any type and with various types of roofs. The modern range of products allows you to choose components for technical outlets that correspond to the roofing.
Attention. The presence of outlets must be provided at the design stage of the roof.
Ways out
Let's focus on the technological outputs that are required to carry out the following actions:
- repair work on the roof;
- roofing cleaning;
- fire extinguishing;
- roof operation.
There are several ways to reach the roof plane, which depend on the purpose of the under-roof space and the slope of the roof slope.
These include:
- a stepladder located vertically along the wall;
- outdoor staircase;
- Luke;
- folding ladder;
- roof ladder;
- roof window;
- not insulated hatch-window.
Characteristics of hatches
Exit to the roof - a hatch, equip in multi-storey buildings on the top floor above the stairwell. The location of the hatch in roofs with slopes depends on the pitch of the rafters.
According to building codes, the distance between the rafters and the hatch box should not exceed 70 mm. On roofs with a large area, several hatches are installed. The traditional sizes of hatches include structures of 45x55 cm and 120x120 cm.
The roof hatch has a cover, the surface of which is treated with a primer and paint and varnish composition. In order for the manhole cover not to stand out from the entire roofing carpet, it is lined with the main material.
Hatches can open in two directions: to the side and up. Gas springs secure the lid in the open position.
When installing a hatch, great importance is given to its thermal insulation properties if it is mounted on a room that is heated. The exit through the hatch is carried out along a fixed metal structure.
Advice. If the roof design does not allow compliance with the installation requirements, then the conclusion of the designer must be made for the implementation of other options for arranging the hatch.
Roof window properties
The roof window, as an exit to the roof, is installed in the attic. . Now manufacturers of skylights offer products for pitched and flat roofs.
Windows perform the following functions:
- ventilation of the attic;
- emergency exit to the roof.
When installing a roof window on a flat roof, a box is mounted on the supporting elements, the upper part of the slope of which is 19 degrees. Then a window is placed on the body.
Typically, roof windows designed for heated attic spaces have the following dimensions: 66x118 cm, 94x140 cm.
Sealing cuffs are laid on the edges of the windows at the points of contact with the roofing sheet, which prevents water from flowing and provides thermal insulation.
Attention. To ensure the best thermal insulation properties and high-quality installation of the sealant, the opening for windows on the roof should be 6 cm larger than its frame.
Vertical ladder
The easiest way to the roof is a ladder, located vertically on the outer wall. To prevent children from climbing onto the roof, the lower edge of the structure must be 1 m away from the ground.
When arranging a ladder, it is important that the surface of the steps does not slip. For their manufacture take:
- corrugated steel;
- crescent-shaped reinforcement.
As a rule, to prolong the service life, the ladder is coated with an anti-corrosion coating using a powder composition or paintwork material.
External staircase device
Many people prefer to use an external ladder instead of a ladder for flat roofs.As a rule, the design of such stairs contains metal and wooden elements that require anti-corrosion and antiseptic treatment, respectively.
For the manufacture of external stairs as an exit to the roof, you can use:
- corrugated steel;
- polished steel;
- stainless steel;
- impregnated oak, ash or beech wood.
Application of folding ladders
Folding ladders for access to the roof are used if there is an inner cover in the hatch, which helps to hide the ladder structure. As a rule, such exits contribute to getting on the roof from the internal space of the structure.
Internal manhole covers roof ladder, have a thickness of up to 6.6 cm and a dense layer of thermal insulation.
There are several types of folding ladders:
- scissor;
- sectional.
Sectional roof ladder provides users with safe access to the sunroof and descent. They consist of several segments and are more popular than accordion-like scissor designs.
Advice. The use of hatches with an internal cover and folding ladders is recommended between rooms with different temperature conditions (residential and non-residential).
Roof ladders
Exit on the roof provides a roof ladder, the movement along which is similar to the movement on a ladder, with the difference that the ladder is located on the surface of the roof.
The ladder may consist of single steps or several steps that make up a single structure. A ladder located along the ridge, as a rule, leads from the hatch structure to the chimney, which makes it easier to clean the chimney.
With a small slope of the roof, the steps of the ladder are installed at a distance of 70 cm from one another, with a slope of more than 30 degrees, the distance is reduced to 35 cm.
Steel ladders do not always match the roofing, so in most cases they are made from wooden bars.
Mount any option from the above-described exits to the roof, and you will be able to carry out all full-fledged work on the roof surface for its long-term operation and safety of residence.
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