Despite the fact that in the understanding of many people who do not really understand construction terms, the roof and the roof are interconnected, these structural elements of the upper part of the building structure have a fundamental difference. The roof is a load-bearing, enclosing structure of the house, and the roof is an element of the roof that protects the structure from mechanical impact and atmospheric precipitation from entering, gives the house an individuality. This article is about roofs.
Roof composition
The roof of a roof of any design consists of the following elements:
- inclined plane (slope);
- inclined and horizontal ribs (skate - crossing the slope);
- incoming corners (valleys and grooves at the intersection of slopes);
- frontal and cornice overhang (the edge of the roof over the wall of the structure);
- drain pipes, drains, water intake funnels.
If you imagine the roof in a schematic plan, then it consists of a base and a roofing. The base is made in the form of a crate, solid slabs or flooring, which are laid along the load-bearing elements of the roof (beams and rafters).
Roof covering spreads over the base. It can serve as:
- ruberoid;
- flexible and natural tiles;
- profiled metal sheets;
- natural materials (reed, shingles).
Basically, roofing is divided into the following types:
- mastic;
- piece;
- roll.
The classification of the roof depends on the material of the coating, more precisely the raw materials from which it is made:
- polymer, bitumen, wood and tar roofs are made from organic materials;
- tiles and asbestos cement - from silicate;
- roofing steel - metal.
Attention. As you can see, the roof is represented by a complex system that includes many elements. So, to install a roof does not mean just laying a coating on top of the roof, it means going through many stages that have their own rules and nuances.
Roof functions
The most important function of the roof is to protect the interior of the house and its inhabitants from hail, snow and rain. Often the roof protects the roof and, accordingly, the upper part of the house from the windy vicissitudes of nature.
Roofing determines the total load on the roof. In accordance with its technical functions, the design of the base is chosen, therefore, the roof protects the house from the load.
The roof is subject to temperature fluctuations.Under the heating of the sun or the influence of cold on the roof, the temperature in the house changes, sometimes in an undesirable direction.
Natural, scaly and small format roofs withstand these fluctuations. Therefore, the roof protects the house from the change of cold and heat.
Modern roofs are different from previously used coatings. Natural roof coverings of a modern format protect the building from rapid ignition. In addition, the roof reduces the effect of thermal and ultraviolet radiation.
The roofing material withstands the action of the environment, including domestic, exhaust and industrial gases.
The protective functions of the roof cope not only with external influences, but also with internal ones, such as condensate. A well-designed roof blocks outside noise and absorbs inside noise.
The roof also performs the following functions:
- gives the building individuality;
- increases the strength of the roof;
- makes it possible to carry out partial or complete repairs not only of the coating, but also of the supporting structures.
Based on the foregoing, it can be determined that the protective functions of the roof prevail over the rest.
Roof types
Depending on the use of materials, types of roofing differ:
- bituminous;
- polymeric;
- copper;
- slate;
- galvanized;
- wooden;
- aluminum;
- slate.
Bituminous roofing is represented by flexible and soft tiles, built-up materials. Such a roof is suitable for roofs of any configuration. Bituminous or soft roofs have a multi-layered structure that ensures durability.
Polymer roofing is rolled roof materials, it is applicable on flat and pitched roofs. Polymeric materials are analogous to roofing material, only they contain polymers and fiberglass.Sometimes bitumen is added for elasticity.
A copper roof is a sign of the respectability of a house. It gives the building individuality and nobility. During operation, a patina is formed on the coating, this protects the roof from pollution and precipitation.
copper roof has plasticity, so it can be used on roofs of any complexity.
Slate roofing is represented by fibrous sheets, which are among the most affordable coatings. The composition of the sheets includes short-fiber asbestos and Portland cement.
Such a roof is different:
- fire resistance;
- durability.
Galvanized roofing is:
- steel with zinc coating;
- corrugated board;
- metal tile.
The roof is rigid. Its advantages include resistance to corrosion processes.
Wooden roofing has become famous thanks to shingles and shingles. Most often, oak, larch are used for wooden roofing. This wood has high strength characteristics.
Aluminum roofing can be used on various roofs due to its low weight.
Aluminum coating has:
- color fastness;
- resistance to external influences;
- durability.
Slate roofing has a long history, thanks to the use of slate as the oldest coating. It is strong, durable, resistant to deformation.
To date, slate has been replaced by polymer-coated metal materials.
Attention.Any roof is subject to current and major repairs with the improvement of insulation layers, checking the insulation of the coating, filling expansion joints, applying patches, cleaning and replacing the old coating, partial replacement of materials or elements of the drainage system, and improvement of the ventilation system.
We hope that after our presentation, the reader will understand what a roof is, and will not confuse the types of roof (hip, shed, flat) with roof typesthat have been described in the article. But in any case, the arrangement of the roof and the roof is interconnected, so it is necessary to pay special attention to these issues.
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