Roof installation is the final stage of all roofing work. After the roof frame has been calculated and erected (the truss system and the crate have been equipped), the waterproofing and insulation work has been completed, the vapor barrier membranes have been fixed - it's time to fix the roofing material itself on the roof. And the result of all the multi-day work ultimately depends on how correctly and efficiently you do it.
The easiest way to ensure high-quality installation of roofing material is to seek help from professionals. However, the cost of such services is very high, while high quality, alas, is not guaranteed.
On the other hand, do-it-yourself roofing installation is quite possible - fortunately, the installation technology of most roofing materials does not require the use of specific equipment or the presence of any extraordinary skills.
To do-it-yourself soft roof, it turned out to be of high quality, ordinary skill, attentiveness, and, of course, knowledge of how exactly this material should be mounted will be quite enough.
Different roofing materials, of course, are mounted in different ways. Below we describe the technology by which the installation of the most popular types of roofing materials is carried out.
Installation of soft roofing materials
Soft roofing is currently represented primarily by such roofing materials as flexible bituminous tiles and roofing tiles (similar to bituminous tiles in their performance characteristics).
Due to their low weight, variety of shapes and sizes, ease of processing and high insulating qualities, soft roofing materials have become quite popular.
That is why the dismantling and installation of a roof made of these materials should be considered in sufficient detail.
The first thing to pay attention to is the conditions under which the installation of soft roof tiles can be carried out. Most manufacturers (Tegola, Katepal) strongly discourage installation work at temperatures below 5WITH.
This is due to the fact that at low temperatures, the shingle (adhesive layer) loses its adhesive qualities, and the tile itself becomes brittle.
If it is still necessary to install the roof in winter, the tiles should be allowed to rest in a room with room temperature (+18-20C), and heat the roof with a gas construction burner or a construction hair dryer.
If all conditions are met, and roof lathing under a soft roof (solid, made of sheets of moisture-resistant plywood or oriented strand board) is dry enough - you can proceed directly to the installation.
The installation of a catapal roof (namely, using its example, we will consider the technique of laying a soft roof) is carried out according to the following algorithm:
- With a slope less than 15 lining (for example, roofing carpet Katepal K-EL- 50/2200) is laid over the entire surface of the slopes. If the slope exceeds this angle, then we mount the lining only on skates, in valleys, in the end parts of the roof and on cornice overhangs.
- On the cornice overhangs on top of the lining layer, we install brackets for attaching the gutter. We fasten the brackets to the cornice strip using nails or self-tapping screws.
- We glue cornice tiles of flexible tiles on the eaves, and fix them with roofing nails. In this case, the indent from the edge of the eaves should be 50 mm, and the step between the nails should be 150-200 mm.
- In the valleys we lay strips of special material on a self-adhesive basis. Additionally, we fix the strips along the edges of the valley with nails.
- Next, we proceed directly to the formation of the roof - we begin the installation of the main tiles from the middle of the cornice overhang, and move to the sides to the gable parts. We glue the tiles, removing the protective layer immediately before the sticker, and additionally fix it to the crate with four roofing nails.
- We shift each odd row of roofing tiles in such a way that the cutouts of this row are aligned with the tongues of the previous one.
Note! Most manufacturers of soft roofs put special marks on the tiles to facilitate precise joining when laying the tiles apart (if the roof installation scheme suggests this).
- The final stage is the sticker of the ridge elements on the roof ridge and the ribs of the slopes. Additionally, ridge elements are fixed with nails on each side of the slope.
By the way, the roof laid in this way is dismantled quite simply. Most often, garden forks and a bayonet shovel are used for dismantling - tile layers from the entire roof are removed in just one and a half to two hours.
Installation of metal tiles
Metal roofing is somewhat more difficult to install than soft roofing. However, the operational qualities of metal tiles, as well as the aesthetic appearance of the roof, make the expenditure of effort and finances fully justified.
Unlike soft bituminous tiles, metal tiles can be mounted on both solid and sparse crates.
Under the crate, without fail, we lay waterproofing material, fixing it with roofing galvanized nails to the roof rafters.
If a complex non-rectangular roof is planned from a metal tile, the installation may involve trimming the tiles.
Strictly speaking, most manufacturers do not recommend cutting metal tiles at all, since if the coating is damaged, the likelihood of corrosion of the metal base increases.
However, if cutting is still necessary, then it must be done using an electric jigsaw with a special blade (in no case - not a grinder with a grinding disc).
After cutting, we cover the cut with paint and lay it in such a way that the cut line is hidden under the overlap. .
Installation and repair of the roof (i.e. replacement of damaged sheets of metal tiles with new ones) is carried out as follows:
- To fix the sheets of metal tiles on the crate, we use special self-tapping screws with a drill and a hex head for a wrench. Each self-tapping screw must be equipped with a sealing washer, which allows you to achieve the most reliable fixation of the roof.
- It is optimal if the fastening will be carried out with preliminary drilling of the metal tile at the place of fastening.
- The average consumption of fasteners for metal tiles is about 10 pcs/m2, however, it can increase for roofs of complex shape.
- We begin the installation of a metal tile roof from one of the ends, laying sheets of metal tiles overlapping one after another. In the overlap zone (both vertical and horizontal), we additionally fix the metal tile - this will significantly increase the reliability of the roof and its resistance to wind loads.
As for a soft roof, when installing a metal tile, the final work will be the laying of ridge elements, as well as the installation of butt strips at the junction of the roof to vertical walls, chimneys, etc.
Installation of corrugated board
Decking is a fairly economical and practical material for arranging a roof.Most often it is used to cover outbuildings, however, for residential buildings, a properly made roof from corrugated board looks quite presentable!
The requirements for the roof lathing for a roof made of corrugated sheet - stamped steel sheet - are similar to the requirements for the lathing for metal tiles. A sparse crate is quite acceptable, however, additional boards are stuffed on the ridge, on the ribs of the slopes and in the valleys in order to increase strength.
As a lining under corrugated board, superdiffusion membrane materials are most often laid - they are the ones that prevent condensation. The membrane is fixed either on the logs or not on the crate itself with nails with a wide flat head.
The following is an instruction for installing a corrugated roof:
- We lift the corrugated board onto the roof along inclined logs or along a ladder attached to the wall without railings. To avoid injury, do not lift sheets of corrugated board in windy weather.
- We begin to fasten the corrugated board from one of the ends of the roof slope. It is optimal if corrugated sheets are used, the length of which exceeds the length of the slope: in this case, longitudinal overlaps are not formed, and the roof acquires a significantly greater drainage capacity.
- For the installation of corrugated board, we use special self-tapping screws (very similar to self-tapping screws for metal tiles). The most popular standard size is 4.8x20mm or 4.8x35mm, however, some longer self-tapping screws may be needed. Self-tapping screws are equipped with a sealing washer and a neoprene gasket to ensure the tightness of the fastening. The hex head allows you to use a cordless screwdriver to tighten self-tapping screws, which significantly speeds up the installation process.
- We fix the corrugated board to the bottom of the wave, making sure that the screws are not overtightened and the washer does not push through the steel sheet - water often collects in such mini-funnels. And if water has collected somewhere, then sooner or later it will find its way inside!
- The joints are additionally fixed with self-tapping screws 80 mm into the upper part of the wave, and sealed either with bituminous mastic or self-adhesive sealing tapes.
- On the gable parts of the roof, be sure to install windproof linings. These pads are designed to protect the corrugated roof (and its windage is impressive!) From destruction due to wind loads.
The above technologies, according to which the repair and installation of the roof is carried out, are quite simple. So you can easily cope with roofing work on your own - and at the same time not only save money, but also ensure the highest quality of the roof!
Gas burners provide heating of the material (for example, bituminous mastic) until it reaches the required process temperature.
In multi-storey construction, a roof crane is used to lift wooden, metal elements of the roof structure and roofing.
For production equipment that is used for roofing, requirements are put forward that meet the provisions of GOST (12.2.003-74.).
Eg:
- installations for melting bitumen must be equipped with thermometers and a pipe that discharges the combustion product:
- equipment for drying the base under the built-up coating must have a protective screen;
- the fuel tanks of the equipment must be refueled by mechanized means.
Types of equipment are selected depending on the working conditions and the type of roof.
It could be:
- ice rink;
- machines for rolling rolls, cutting the roofing, leveling the roofing layer, perforating the old roofing;
- units for applying a primer or paint layer.
The high quality of materials, inventory, equipment for roofing, as well as the professionalism of roofers, together lead to the creation of a reliable roof with a guarantee of a long service life.
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