The original appearance, unusual architecture, special color, harmony with the natural environment - all this gives the houses a mansard-type roof.
constructive mansard roof feature makes it possible to maximize, practical and functional use of the space of the house.
The use of attic space for the placement of attics is currently widespread. The roof - attic is especially popular in private construction.
The attic can be arranged under any pitched roof, the design of which meets the necessary requirements.
To your attention! For the attic, roofs made of hanging rafters are most suitable, that is, without intermediate supports.
The height of the slopes of the mansard gable roof should be such that according to the standards in the attic it was possible to arrange a living space. In this case, a large space under the roof can be used efficiently and rationally.
What exactly the attic rooms will be depends on the area to be equipped, the attic floors, the height of the slopes, the shape of the roof, and the surrounding landscape.
Advantages of mansard roofs
- the volume of living space increases without significant material costs;
- the building acquires a beautiful appearance;
- increasing building density;
- additional residential areas of housing are being created on a previously built house;
- minimum construction time;
- low cost compared to new construction;
- after the insulation work, the attic floor becomes warm and cozy;
- saving material resources.
Types of mansard roofs
Mansard roofs, depending on the technology of the device, have a different design.
There are several types of roofs:
- 1-level with a broken or gable roof;
- 1-level with removal of consoles;
- 2-level, having supports of different types.
To your attention! The type of attic roof is selected depending on the expected loads on the ceiling. One of the simplest structures is a triangular mansard roof with straight contours.
A mansard sloping roof is arranged if the dimensions of the attic do not fit into a triangular configuration. In some houses, the mansard roof is made on the basis of the truss structure.
For gable roof devices be sure to make construction calculations, which must take into account all the loads exerted by the structures.
It is very important to observe the style of the attic and house roofing so that it does not diverge from the design and operational requirements.
A gable roof consists of two rectangles that are connected to each other at a certain angle.
When calculating the roof attic, it must be remembered that a large slope of the truss structures leads to a smaller usable area of \u200b\u200bthe room. And also, the greater the slope, the more carefully you need to approach the choice of roofing material.
Mansard roof features
Mansard roof structures have significant differences from ordinary house roofs, and have specific features.
The manufacture of the roof of a mansard-type house requires special attention, since the attic becomes residential after reconstruction.
In the attic, different climatic conditions are created compared to the usual attic.
- Poor roof ventilation. Air from a warm attic room through the ceiling enters the roof surface and condenses there.
In this case, the insulation is saturated with moisture and its rapid destruction occurs. In order to protect the insulation, an additional layer of vapor barrier is arranged, which fits into the narrow space between the roof and the thermal insulation.
In some cases, with a large accumulation of moisture, in addition to natural ventilation, forced installation with the help of fans is required.
Advice! High-quality heat and sound insulation of the roof is very important, since attic rooms are subject to temperature influences.
High-quality thermal insulation will create comfortable conditions in the attic: it will be cool in summer and warm in winter. With poor thermal insulation in winter, a large number of icicles will be possible.
To maintain the temperature regime, great attention should be paid to the insulation of the walls, since in the attic they are quite thin. When arranging thermal insulation works, the thickness of the insulation is at least 250 mm.
Insulation for the attic must be fire resistant, for example, mineral wool. It is laid between roof structures and covered with drywall, plywood, clapboard, tongue and groove board or sandwich panels.
- Much attention must be paid to the construction of the attic roof. It is desirable to make it from ceramic tiles or slate, as they do not heat up very much in the sun.
To preserve heat in the attic room, the roof must have high tightness. It necessarily has a heat-insulating layer that does not allow heat to be released to the outside.
Also, the roof provides high-quality and reliable steam and waterproofing, does not let atmospheric precipitation into the attic and protects the insulation from moisture and condensate.
Attic device
It is best to plan the attic device at the design stage of the house. This will allow in advance and correctly calculate the load-bearing structures of the roof.
The dimensions of the attic should be taken such that it is possible to equip living quarters there.
The attic roof is multi-layered and consists of the following layers: roofing, waterproofing, battens, insulation, vapor barrier and internal decorative finishes.
The construction of a mansard roof begins with design. This is the first and very important stage on which the technical and operational characteristics of the attic depend.
Preliminary studies of the base building are carried out, attention is drawn to the general visual perception of the whole house. It is important that the communication and engineering structures of the attic space are interconnected with the house.
If these functions do not match, then it will be necessary to develop separate technical solutions.
The design must take into account the functionality of the roof, its strength and reliability, as well as all expected loads.
At the design stage, the elements and structures of the mansard roof are determined, which will determine the configuration of the roof, its general appearance and the harmonious unity of the entire structure as a whole.
Installation of a mansard roof is recommended to begin with the installation of windows. Roof windows are vertical and inclined (pitched).
The angle of inclination must match the slope of the roof. It is very important that the windows can be opened to ventilate the premises. The most commonly used are pitched windows.
They have many positive qualities:
- let in a maximum of light, which allows you to solve problems with lighting;
- through such windows a beautiful view of the clouds and the starry sky will open;
- due to the installation of a simpler waterproofing system, they have a much lower cost than vertical windows;
- pitched windows are more reliable due to small wind loads.
For optimal lighting and maintaining the necessary microclimate in the attic, it is necessary to observe a certain ratio of the areas of windows and walls.
When choosing the type of windows for the attic, it is very important to consider the material and construction of the roof. This affects how they are attached.
If the roof of the attic was not initially provided for, then it is necessary to resolve issues on the installation of stairs, windows and enhanced heat and sound insulation.
Not bad if it is possible to place a ladder through the hatch to the attic. If the premises of the house are small, to save space, it is best to arrange spiral staircases.
Advice! In order to protect roof elements and structures from rotting and insects, wood is treated with insecticides, and to increase the degree of fire resistance, it is impregnated with wood flame retardants.
Work on the arrangement of attic rooms requires high professionalism, knowledge of technology and the intricacies of this matter. Special requirements are imposed on the safety of construction works and their quality.
Attic installation specialists must be highly qualified and experienced.
Therefore, the construction of a mansard roof with your own hands can lead to undesirable results in the process of work and further operation of the roof.
By entrusting all the work to qualified specialists, you will not only save money, effort, time, but also please yourself and your loved ones with a beautiful, cozy and comfortable room.
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