One of the most commonly used materials for roofing, both in low-rise and high-rise buildings, is a metal roof profile. This roofing option is used for both residential and public buildings, including buildings with a complex roof shape.
Metal roofing has many advantages, including:
- Easy installation;
- Ability to withstand high atmospheric loads and serve for a long time;
- No additional operating costs;
- Minor weight.
In the literature on the construction industry, metal roofing is usually referred to as sheet or piece materials.To date, this classification is somewhat outdated, since rolled materials for creating metal roofs, for example, metal tiles, have appeared on the market.
Materials used for the manufacture of metal roofing
In modern construction, roofing is used for:
- Aluminum;
- Galvanized steel;
- Titanium zinc alloy;
- Copper.
The most common and most commonly used among these materials was and remains galvanized steel. This material is relatively inexpensive, easy to work with, allows you to mount roofs with different geometries.
To protect steel sheets from corrosion, they are coated on both sides with a layer of zinc. For the manufacture of roofing sheets, as a rule, cold-rolled steel processed by hot-dip galvanizing is used.
In most cases, for roofing installation gable roof It is recommended to use a material in which the thickness of the steel is at least 0.5 mm.
To increase the rigidity of the sheets, profiling is used, that is, giving them a wave-like shape. A modern metal profile roof can be assembled from galvanized steel with a polymer coating.
The corrugated board differs in the size of the “waves”, as well as their shape. Metal profiles are available with rounded, trapezoidal or sinusoidal waveforms.
Classification of profiled sheets
Profiled metal products are classified according to the following criteria:
- The height and shape of the corrugations;
- According to the width of the manufactured profile;
- By appointment.
So, sheets with a profile height of up to 20 mm, as a rule, are recommended to be used as decorative finishing materials - for cladding ceilings, walls, fences, etc. A profile with a large height is used as a roofing material.
In addition, it is desirable that the length of the sheet of roofing corrugated board is not less than the length of the roof slope. The fulfillment of this condition will make it possible to avoid transverse joints in a process such as installation of profiled sheet on the roof, which will improve the water tightness of the roof and reduce the complexity of the installation process.
Tips for creating a roof from a metal profile
Roof construction begins with the installation of roof trusses.
It is important to comply with the following conditions:
- It is necessary to carefully maintain the size of the rafter structures;
- The beams that are used to fasten the rafter legs must be located strictly on the same level and without deviations from the horizontal. Use a long building level or a hydrostatic level to check the correct installation.
- All roof trusses, especially the first in a row and the last, must be installed strictly in a plumb line.
It should be noted that the listed conditions must be observed when constructing truss systems for any type of roof. However, if, when using soft roll materials, it is still possible to somehow compensate for the mistakes made, then covering the roof with a metal profile does not “forgive” inaccuracies
After the construction of the rafter system and the crate, you can proceed to the installation of sheets of metal corrugated board.
Advice! During installation, it is necessary to provide a ventilation gap between the roofing sheet and the thermal insulation layer with a height of at least 20 mm.
Fastening of steel sheets to the elements of the crate is carried out using self-tapping screws with a length of 19 to 250 mm. It is advisable to use screws with drill bits so that there is no need to pre-drill holes for the self-tapping screw.
Advice! The size of the self-tapping screw is selected so that the length of its thread exceeds the total height of the parts to be joined by at least 5 mm.
In some cases, it is allowed to fasten the metal profile to the roof using combined rivets. At the same time, at least 6-8 fasteners should be used per square meter of coating.
Basic rules for fastening a metal roofing profile
In order to properly mount the roof, it is necessary to mount the profile on the roof, adhering to the following rules:
- A sheet of metal profile must be attached in a place where the wave is adjacent to the surface of the crate;
- Near the eaves and ridge of the roof, the sheets are attached to each wave of the profile, since in these places the most significant wind load is exerted on the roof;
- At the longitudinal joints of the sheet, the distance between adjacent self-tapping screws should not be more than 500 mm;
- For a better fit of the sheets, it is necessary to shift the centers of the fasteners in two joined waves by a distance of 5 mm.
- When joining sheets longitudinally, it is recommended that the outer shelves of smaller widths be overlapped on shelves that have a greater width. Profiled sheets are best connected to each other with rivets.
- To increase the tightness of the roof at the joints of the sheets, it is desirable to apply a layer of silicone sealant.
- In places where metal profile sheets are attached to vertical surfaces (walls, chimneys, etc.), it is necessary to use additional elements - adjoining strips.
- When using material with a thickness of less than 0.7 mm, it is necessary to use special wooden scaffolds, "skis" or other devices to prevent the formation of dents on the material caused by the movement of the installers.
- Upon completion of the work, it is necessary to remove shavings and other debris from the surface of the roof, and tint the places of cuts on the sheets and scratches to prevent edge corrosion of the material.
- Three months after the completion of the installation of the roof, it is recommended to broach the fasteners on self-tapping screws, as they may weaken.
Typical installation errors
When mounting a roof profile, the following common mistakes should be avoided:
- Using nails instead of screws. Installation of corrugated board on the roof then it will be of poor quality, since such a replacement can lead to the fact that sheets of roofing material can fly off under the influence of wind;
- The use of gas cutting and welding of profiled sheets, as well as the use of a "grinder" for cutting them. When using these mounting methods, under the action of high temperature, the protective coating (zinc, polymers) burns out and the material quickly becomes unusable due to corrosion.
- Cutting material in the transverse direction with metal shears. The use of this method will lead to deformation of the profile, which will create problems during installation.Therefore, to cut holes or cuts in the transverse direction, you can only use a jigsaw, punching electric shears or a circular saw using a cutting disc with large victorious teeth.
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