A wide variety of industrial premises, territories and sites, as well as car parks, trade and exhibition pavilions, bazaars and even residential buildings - when arranging them, contact any organization where it is possible to manufacture metal canopies and install them, or make such structures on their own.
Of course, this is by no means a tribute to fashion or traditions, since such a suspended roof is able to protect a certain area of \u200b\u200bthe territory from precipitation and scorching sunlight. Let's figure out what such structures are made of, how it happens, and also watch a video demonstration in this article.
Canopies and canopies
materials
- The most common form of this type of shelter is a semi-oval or arcade, therefore, metal arches for a canopy are one of the most important parts of the frame.. The dimensions of the arc profile can be very diverse, but the shelter areas are also very different from each other, therefore, you can always choose such a structural material according to the desired dimensions or make it to order.
- But the project of a canopy made of metal structures does not have to have a rounded shape - it can be in the form of a shed or gable roof, and in this case, triangular trusses will be needed there. Such elements, however, like the rest, can be purchased ready-made, or made to order (on your own) for a specific area that you want to cover.
- Of course, from materials you will need metal poles for a canopy, the number, diameter and height of which will depend on the size and severity of the roof. But you can choose the roofing material at your discretion, for example, if you want the sun's rays to break through to a protected area, then a polycarbonate roof is more suitable for you. But if you will make a canopy for giving over the porch, then metal tiles, corrugated board or just galvanized sheet are more suitable here.
Note. To protect yourself from the sun while relaxing in a suburban area, you will not need tubular metal trusses and metal profile poles, as well as corrugated board or polycarbonate for the roof.
There are quite enough columns made of thin slats or timber, and in as a roof A tarp is good, which you can remove if necessary.
farm calculation
The most common option for canopies can be called trusses in the form of arches, which consist of two main elements - arcs that are interconnected by vertical or inclined (in the form of triangles) stiffeners (for heavy loads, the instruction recommends using triangular jumpers).
It is noteworthy that the larger the radius of the arch, the less will be the load on it from snow falling in winter, but the price of such a design increases in direct proportion to the bend, that is, the higher the dome from the base, the more expensive it will cost, since more will be spent on it. material.
In fact, the same can be said about the calculation of a metal canopy from triangular trusses, where only the shape changes, but the distribution of the load is carried out according to the same principle - the higher the upper point of the triangle, the less the load from snow falling in winter.
But the strength of an arch or triangle will depend not only on the radius of the arc or the magnitude of the angle, but also on the number and direction of the stiffeners. So, vertical jumpers, even if there are a lot of them, will create less resistance than inclined ones, which are fixed in the form of a triangle.
Regardless of the shape of the metal structure and its accessories, SNiP II-23-81 provides for several stages of determining the possible load, in this case, on the canopy roof truss. First you need to determine the configuration of the structure, or rather, the truss belts themselves - this will directly depend on the functionality of the canopy, its area and the expected pressure from above.
So, for calculations, we need to determine the maximum value of μ - this is a coefficient that corresponds to the load from falling snow and the amount of precipitation that falls on the ground is taken as the basis.
But in order to transfer this to a real structure, when we build a metal canopy with our own hands, we need to determine the angles of the tangents. For example, on the first span we will get 48⁰, on the second it will be 40⁰, and on the third already 30⁰ (decreases with each span), then the calculation will be based on the Q and I indicators.
The letter Q here will indicate the load that is created by the mass of snow cover in winter, and the letter I will indicate the length of the metal rods. We calculate the cosine of the overlap angle, which means that in the first span μ=0.07, then Q=180*0.07*0.4=5.4kg, then I=0.6*cos48=0.4m.
The second span we get μ-0.3; I=0.5m; Q=29kg, and on the third - μ-0.5; I=0.54m; Q=56kg. So you can calculate each farm, and then find the arithmetic mean and you will get the numbers you need.
Note. For mounting large canopies, it is best to use pipes with a diameter of 40 mm or a square profile with a section of 40 × 40 mm, where the walls will be at least 3 mm thick.
With a decrease in the thickness of the metal, it is necessary to increase the cross section of the profile, for example, if the wall has 2.0 mm, then you will already need a pipe with a diameter of 45 mm.
But if the length of the canopy is not more than 5.5 m, then 40 mm pipes with a two-millimeter wall can be used.
Conclusion
At home, metal arches for canopy or truss legs can even be made of reinforcement with a cross section of 10 mm, since such structures are mainly built at the door above the porch and have an area of \u200b\u200bno more than two squares. Of course, if the area of \u200b\u200bthe structure increases, then it is better to use a pipe profile for farms.
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