Building your own home is a noble and, of course, grateful deed. A self-built house is a source of pride for many years and a successful investment that can be passed down from generation to generation. However, in order for a building to justify itself and stand the test of time, it is necessary to take care of its reliability from the very design stage. Optimal use of proven traditional materials and the most modern developments for building a house are a guarantee that the walls will withstand all external threats, but we should not forget about the roof of the house.In this article, we will tell you how to carry out roofing work with your own hands in such a way as to ensure the highest quality and durable result.
Theory
The first stage of work to create a reliable and durable roof is, of course, competent planning of upcoming work.
A properly drawn up PPR for roofing work is a significant help for all subsequent actions - after all, the speed of work and the quality of the roof being created largely depend on how accurate and detailed the plan is. Therefore, the theoretical part should not be neglected in any case.
In general, roofing work includes the following steps:
- Assembly of supporting structures. This includes various rafters, beams and other details on which the entire roof will then be held.
- Protective coating installation. A system consisting of several layers, designed to provide sufficient thermal insulation, as well as protection against moisture and noise.
- Creation of roofing. At the end of the work, an external decorative layer is applied, which protects the insulation system from harmful influences and gives the house a finished look.
Of course, specific measures at one stage or another depend on many factors - primarily the type of roof and the type of roofing.
According to their design, roofs are divided into:
- Shed roofs. They have a flat horizontal shape. Due to their characteristics, they are not used very often and are perhaps one of the most unpopular types of roofing for modern private houses.
- Double slope roofs. They consist of two slopes connected by a ridge.Due to the successful combination of simple design and pleasant appearance, this type of roof is the most popular today.
- Quadruple roofs. They are a direct continuation of the previous technology. The design of such roofs is very similar to gable roofs, however, instead of gables, they have two additional slopes.
- Multi-pitched roofs. Used in houses of complex non-standard shape. They can combine individual parts of all the above types, as well as elements contained at different heights.
Depending on the specific type of roof, the methods of its construction also differ.
The modern market of roofing materials is represented mainly by the following coating options:
- Tiles are natural. The most traditional and recognizable material. Represents a prefabricated structure made mainly of natural clay.
- The tiles are soft. Also, due to the materials used for its production, it is sometimes called bituminous. It is a modern inexpensive analogue of natural tiles, made from various chemicals and compounds.
- Metal tile. A structure made of galvanized steel, which has a similar appearance to natural tiles, but at the same time is much easier to install.
- Fake roof. The basis of such a coating are large flat sheets of metal, fastened together using a special technology.
- Roll roofing materials. This category includes a variety of modern materials, consisting of large-scale sheets fixed to the roof surface by gluing or fusing.
The choice of the most suitable of them also largely determines the methods of roofing.
Practice
So, having decided on the required appearance of the future roof and drawing up a detailed action plan, you can proceed to their direct implementation.
Roofing safety equipment deserves special mention.
Attention! No matter how simple it may seem to perform this or that work at a height, it is still a height, so extreme caution should be exercised here.
The first step after erecting the walls of the house is to create a frame for the future roof. To do this, a special system of rafters and supporting beams is assembled, corresponding to the selected roof configuration.
If the choice is made in favor of just a gable roof, then the rafters can be hinged, that is, rely only on the walls and the roof ridge.
In the case of creating a roof with four slopes, it is required to provide additional stability to the rafters with the help of auxiliary supporting systems. Such rafters are called layered, they have several nodes, along which the weight of the entire roof is evenly distributed.
The specific details of a particular design, as well as how to implement them, are enshrined in the relevant regulations, which can be consulted in case of any doubt. These, in particular, include ENiR - roofing work is marked quite clearly there.
After assembling the main supporting system, it is necessary to create a sufficient protective layer of the roof.
At this stage, the so-called “pie” is made - a structure consisting of various layers, designed to protect the interior of the house from cold, moisture, and other external threats that may lie in wait for a residential building throughout its entire operation.
Each element of such a pie is a layer of a special insulating material that serves its own specific purpose.
It could be:
- Thermal insulation;
- noise suppression;
- moisture absorption;
- ventilation of the space between the layers;
- and much more.
Each specific set of materials is selected based on specific circumstances - external climatic conditions, roofing material and so on.
Depending on the materials used, various fastening methods are used. Some materials can be glued, others can only be nailed, others are simply laid out on the prepared surface.
The latter, in particular, include boards made of various types of glass wool, which are increasingly used recently. This material has a relatively small weight, but at the same time it has high thermal insulation and absorbent performance.
At the end of the creation of the insulating layer of the roof, you can proceed to the most difficult and critical part - the application of the roofing.
Unlike all other components of the roof, the roof is very clearly visible from the outside, and often at a fairly impressive distance, so it is necessary to make every effort to create it competently.
Note! To ensure proper ventilation of the inside of the roof, in some cases, it is necessary to first create a crate of wooden beams.
When the roof surface is completely ready for the application of roofing material - properly cleaned, equipped with battens, etc. - you can begin to create the desired coating layer. It still depends on the choice of material, but there are still a few general rules.
For example, roofing is always created starting from the outside of the roof, slowly moving towards its ridge. This ensures the rational use of the material, as well as the necessary level of safety for people performing roofing work.
Roofing roofing can be attached in many different ways - it can be both special screws and nails, as well as more technological solutions such as fusing material onto the roof surface using special burners.
The latter is used for modern roll materials, while traditional types of coatings (such as various types of tiles) are connected in a more familiar, but at the same time reliable way.
In addition, there are several specific options - such as, say, seam roof: technology whose device is quite simple.
In this case, the individual elements of the coating are interconnected using a special technology, the most obvious way to demonstrate it is a thematic video - roofing work using this technology is not so rare, so finding the appropriate training video is not a problem.
When the entire roofing sheet is neatly laid and securely fastened, a few finishing touches need to be done.
This may include the necessary sealing of all joints, the application of an additional external protective layer or special impregnation, as well as the decorative design of the roofing material.
After that, the entire process of performing roofing work can be officially considered completed. You can safely remove all auxiliary structures and systems, wait for all applied layers and coatings to dry, and use the finished house for its intended purpose.
A roof created in compliance with all norms and standards will serve you faithfully for a very long time, bringing warmth and comfort to the house.
And the realization that all this is done with your own hands will bring an additional feeling of confidence and comfort to your home.
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