In private construction, roofs with attics have recently become increasingly popular. This article will talk about how to build a mansandroof with your own hands and what you need to consider.
The attic is a living space in the attic. The height of the walls in this room is a maximum of 1.5 before the start of the slopes. The popularity of attics is due to the possibility of increasing the available living space with minimal financial costs. At the same time, it is recommended to build a special broken mansard roof with different slope angles. At the same time, the rise of one of the slopes allows you to significantly increase the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe attic space.
Since the attic becomes a living space, special requirements are placed on the appearance of such roofs, as well as on their heat and sound insulation.
The highest quality thermal insulation of the attic is achieved by using not metal for the manufacture of the roof, but materials such as slate or ceramic tiles, which heat up much less under the influence of sunlight. Also, a foam concrete roof may be a good option.
Regardless of whether a cold roof will be built or a warm one, it is better to plan the attic even in the process of designing the whole house, which will allow you to more correctly think over the location of the windows and perform a more accurate calculation of the supporting structures.
Mansard roof installation
The angles of inclination of the rafters for the attic roof are usually from 30 to 60 degrees, the greater the slope of the rafters, the smaller the attic area. It is most convenient to use the attic room with its height of 2.2 meters or more and a width of at least 3 meters.
If at the design stage of the house the attic was not planned, it is also necessary to resolve the issue of building a staircase leading to the attic, as well as the arrangement and location of the attic windows and laying additional sound and heat insulation.
Useful: The most convenient option is to install a ladder near the hatch leading to the attic. To save space, it is recommended to use a spiral staircase.
All elements house roofsmade of wood are treated with special means to protect against decay and insects.
The fire resistance of such structures is increased by impregnating them with flame retardants - preparations that slow down the combustion of wood materials.
Mansard roofs have a number of differences from conventional roofs:
- The climatic space of the attic is significantly different from the usual attic space;
- The ventilation of the space is deteriorating;
- Warm air from the attic room penetrates through the ceiling to the roof surface, resulting in moisture condensation on the insulation.
Impregnation of the insulation with moisture in the absence of ventilation of the roof leads to its rapid destruction.
To prevent wetting of the insulation, the following measures are taken:
- From the side of the interior, an additional vapor barrier layer is laid on the insulation;
- Between the roof and the attic thermal insulation layer, a free space for ventilation is left, which is about 50 mm;
- In case of increased accumulation of moisture, forced ventilation is performed by installing fans.
Important: when performing repairs, for example, when thinking about how to close a hole in the roof, it is important to ensure that the layers of heat and vapor barrier are not broken, otherwise repairing the roof can significantly reduce its service life.
For ventilation of the insulation in the attic room, holes are also used in the ridge and cornice of the roof, which in most cases consists of several layers:
- Coating house roofs;
- waterproofing layer;
- Roof heating;
- insulation material;
- Vapor barrier;
- Decorative interior trim.
It is recommended to insulate the attic with fire-resistant insulation, such as mineral wool.High-quality thermal insulation for the attic is very important, as it is more susceptible to the negative impact of temperature changes than the interior of the house.
Poor performance of thermal insulation will lead to the fact that in summer the attic room will be hot, and in winter it will be cold, in addition, a large number of icicles will appear on the roof.
Therefore, when performing thermal insulation work in the attic room, it is also necessary to insulate walls that are thinner than in the attic room and release more heat to the outside. The thickness of the layer of heat-insulating material should be 25-30 cm, approximately twice the width of the rafters.
Important: in order to lay such a layer of insulation, an additional frame is made, which is attached perpendicular to the rafters.
window installation
The arrangement of the attic room begins with the installation of windows located 70-100 cm above the floor level. There are inclined (pitched) and vertical skylights, usually located at the same angle as the angle of the roof.
These windows allow you to improve the lighting of the attic and increase the comfort of this room.
The cost of pitched windows is slightly lower than the cost of vertical ones, since they use simpler waterproofing. At the same time, they provide greater reliability, since strong gusts of wind create less load.
Important: to ventilate the attic, the windows must be opened.
The best lighting and microclimate in the room should be chosen by the ratio of the areas of windows and walls, which is 8:1.Profiles of window frames of skylights are made under a profiled or flat roof, which ensures their better connection with the roof.
To sew up the insulation laid between the bearing elements of the roof, the following materials are used:
- Drywall;
- Lining;
- Plywood;
- Sandwich panels;
- Grooved board, etc.
In that part of the attic where the ceiling height is less than 1.6 m, built-in furniture (racks, cabinets, etc.) is usually installed.
The equipment of the attic in the attic allows you to significantly increase the available living space of the house, the main thing at the same time is to comply with all the rules and requirements listed in this article. Then the attic room will delight you with its coziness and comfort for a long time.
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