The arrangement of the roof is a very important aspect in the construction of any building. The reliability and safe operation of the roof depends on how competently its design is chosen and how the stages of the entire technological process are correctly maintained. In our article, we will talk about such an important issue as built-up roofing + the technology of its construction and the rules for completing all stages.
General concept of built-up roofing
Welded roll roofing or "soft" refers to a group of roofing materials, most of which are built-up materials.
They are usually sold in rolls. Therefore, you can often hear another name for soft roofing - rolled roofing. This material has gained particular popularity in Russia and all due to the fact that guided, rolled roofs can be used for waterproofing flat roofs and covering civil and industrial facilities.
The material aspect is also important: the use of rolled materials is economically beneficial when arranging a large-scale roof of a complex design.
Welded roll roofing is a roofing waterproofing bituminous material on a synthetic basis. It is a waterproofing five-layer membrane, which consists of two layers of a bitumen-polymer or bitumen coating applied to a reinforcing base (fiberglass, fiberglass or polyester) and two layers of protective coatings (fusible polyethylene film and a top layer of stone dressing).
The peculiarity of the installation of a roof made of welded material consists in applying and gluing 3-4 layers of material to each other using gas burners. Thus, a kind of waterproofing carpet is formed.
This technology ensures the reliability of the roof from getting wet, other negative external influences and fires.
Scopes of a soft roof
The built-up (soft) roof is widely used in the harsh Russian harsh climate:
- For the installation of roofs of various types (structures and buildings).
- For waterproofing underground structures (garages, tunnels).
- As a constructive part of the roof and its insulation.
- For waterproofing channels and pools.
- For repair and reconstruction of roofs.
- As a roofing material in low-rise construction.
The main classification of built-up roofing
- Depending on the structure, the built-up (soft) roof can be: single-base, multi-base and baseless.
- Depending on the type of base, roll roofing comes with a base: fiberglass, fiberglass, polymer sheet. Fiberglass is made up of interwoven strands of glass. Fiberglass has a biostable base, it consists of glass threads arranged randomly. Fiberglass is much stronger than fiberglass. The most reliable and high-quality polyester base - it has randomly oriented polyester fibers.
- Depending on the type of component of the coating composition, the soft roof is divided into: bitumen, bitumen-polymer and polymer.
- Depending on the type of protective layer of the soft roof: materials with foil; powdered materials (various types: coarse-grained, scaly, powdered, fine-grained) and film materials.
Not so long ago, it was rightly believed that first-generation soft roll materials based on cardboard would not last long.
We hasten to assure you: the built-up roofing device, made of modern materials using innovative technologies based on non-rotting materials: fiberglass, polymers and fiberglass, significantly increases its strength characteristics and service life.
Since the modern built-up (soft) roof, which belongs to the second generation, does not rot, its base is protected by a bituminous coating, which includes special modifiers.They significantly improve the technical characteristics of bitumen and exclude its aging.
How to choose the right type of built-up roof
Advice. In order not to make a mistake with the choice of the required type of built-up roof, you need to know the features of its internal structure and subsequent application.
Despite the fact that there are many varieties of rolled roofing materials on the Russian market, they all have one thing in common - they provide high roof insulation.
The modern technology of built-up roofing is based on the use of bitumen oxidized with a modified polymer.
Two types of polymers are used to modify bitumen: styrene-butadiene-styrene (artificial rubber SBS) and atactic polypropylene (APP plastic).
Bitumens modified with artificial rubber are the most elastic, their brittleness temperature is 40. Plastic-modified bitumens are rigid, they have high heat resistance, softening point - 155.
Such materials are an excellent solution for hot climates. If the bitumen modified with rubber is mixed qualitatively, then a homogeneous mixture is formed and it is practically impossible to isolate the polymer or bitumen in it.
Despite the above classification of roofing roll materials, modern manufacturers produce these products of different price categories, conventionally called classes: "Premium", "Business", "Standard", "Economy". Economy class products have the lowest cost, they are classified as a budget option.
How to repair a built-up roof?
In previous years, soft roofs of the first generation were widely used, today such roofs require repair and reconstruction.
Repair of built-up roof today needs to be done only with modern materials of the second generation, which provide reliable waterproofing and protect the roof from precipitation and moisture.
Important: a specialist will be able to determine the degree of wear of a soft roof, he will also select the necessary roof material, technology, will help calculate the amount of material.
Often, for restoration and repair work, it is more expedient to use roofing mastics and primers (a kind of primer). The primer is made from high quality bitumen and organic solvents.
The primer has a high penetrating ability into the structure and heat resistance. Another advantage of the primer is its high drying speed and lack of stickiness.
Therefore, the primer, at the moment, is the most convenient and indispensable material for gluing a waterproofing carpet. It, in accordance with the requirements of SNiP, is recommended to be used even in children's organizations.
The main characteristic of bituminous mastic is its ability to repel water. Mastic is a viscous mixture, so it is very often used as an adhesive.
The main use of mastic:
- to create an anti-corrosion coating;
- gluing waterproofing materials and tiles;
- for sealing joints and seams.
For production mastic for the roof use synthetic resins, fillers, rubber, plasticizers. These components give the mastic high elasticity and strength, resistance to aggressive environments and aging, temperature extremes.
In order to mount a soft roof that is safe for people's health, you need to know all the requirements: built-up roofing snip I I-26-76 and comply with them.
Did the article help you?