Today it is difficult to imagine our life without television, but in order to watch many channels, you need to install certain equipment. And if the installation of the antenna in a private house can be done as you please, then the installation work must be coordinated in the city, otherwise your structure may simply be dismantled without warning.
In the article, we will figure out how to properly carry out work both in a private and in an apartment building, you just need to choose the appropriate option and implement it.
Features of the work
We will deal with two options for carrying out work and two types of equipment, because you can install all-wave and digital options, or you can use satellite equipment. Differences in configuration cause different installation methods.
Antennas in the private sector
Everything is quite simple here, because the house and the plot belong to you, and if you ruin the roof, then only you will have problems. No permits are required, you must decide what type of equipment will be used. After purchasing the antenna, you can think about how best to install it.
As for the restrictions, it is impossible to fasten the structure to the pipes that go from the heating equipment; you can safely fix the system to the brick ventilation shafts.
First of all, we will deal with digital and all-wave antennas, this option was previously used exclusively, but even today it is in demand. One fact can be noted here: the structure must be located so that nothing interferes with signal reception. That is, if you have trees growing nearby, then you need to raise the system above them.
The method that I use allows for high reliability of fastening and minimal damage to integrity. roofing, otherwise after you risk getting a leak in the house and getting into serious roof repair costs.
Do-it-yourself instructions are as follows:
- First you need to decide at what height the antenna should be in order to ensure reliable signal reception.Everything is simple here: you must know in which direction the television tower is located and place the structure in such a way that there is no interference in front of it. If the tower is within sight and there is no interference, then the mast may be of low height;
- Next, you need to decide where the structure will be located on the roof, I advise you to choose a place so that the mast pipe runs close to the rafters, and at the base is located near the beam. So it will be much easier for you to fix the structure, and you will not need to think about how to strengthen the system additionally;
- An important part of the work is cutting a hole, it must be done both in the ridge element and in the roof. The work is done as carefully as possible so as not to make a hole too large and not damage the roof where it is not needed.. I used metal scissors and a drill with drills, but you are guided by the situation and select the tool according to the type of roof;
- If you have a ready-made mast, then you need to assemble it and fix the antenna, and if you have a home-made one, you will have to purchase U-shaped clamps and fix the structure with their help. The work is simple, the main thing is to find a clamp of the required size, its configuration is shown in the photo below, we sell such products at points selling construction and automotive fasteners. The wire is connected according to the scheme that comes with the antenna;
If your mast height is small, then the antenna can be installed later, but if the height is large, then it is much more reasonable and safer to connect it in advance. Climbing on a roof with a ladder is not a good idea.
- In order to close the hole in the ridge, I advise you to make an additional element of tin, which is tightly put on the pipe and closes the tie-in into the ridge, two paragraphs later there is a photo that shows what the structure looks like after installation. Extra reliability never hurts, so do everything as well as possible;
- The pipe rests against the attic floor and is fixed on it, as you wish. In our case, the fastener was bent along the profile of the beam and screwed to the pipe with a long bolt that goes through. Thus, it turned out to be a very durable knot that can withstand heavy loads without problems. The advantage of this solution is that, if necessary, the pipe can be quickly disconnected;
- In order for the mast to hold as securely as possible, it must also be fixed on the ridge, the easiest way is to use a steel plate or angle. In order for you to understand the essence of this attachment point, a photo is shown below - everything is quite simple and very reliable, you can find any suitable piece of metal and build such a structure;
- As for the exit to the roof, in order to exclude any leaks, it is necessary to carefully seal the joint. To do this, our plate is glued to the ridge with sealant, and all joints are carefully covered with the same composition. Use weatherproof compounds that will retain their properties for many years. In my case, a silicone-based sealant was used, and if your roof is dark, then you can find options based on bitumen;
- If the structure rises above the roof to a height of more than 3 meters, then it is better to strengthen it with stretch marks. To do this, a metal ring with holes is attached approximately in the middle of the pipe, a steel cable with a diameter of 4 mm is fixed on it. On the roof, you need to find several places where you can screw the ring screws, the cable is fixed through special tensioners called turnbuckles, with their help it will not be difficult to tighten the system.
We figured out how to install the antenna on the roof, fixing it in the attic space. If for some reason this option does not suit you, then I can recommend attaching the structure to the gable using special brackets that you can buy or make yourself. They are attached to the wall with dowels and allow you not to damage the roof of the house, so that you can understand it better, below is a photo of the bracket and its fasteners on the building, everything is simple and reliable.
As for satellite dishes, it has its own characteristics.
On the one hand, the work is easier, since it is not necessary to mount a high mast, but on the other hand, there are a number of requirements that must be met:
- The structure must be clearly positioned to the cardinal points, depending on the direction of the signal transmission, the azimuth is clearly calculated along which the equipment must be set. That is why if you decide to put the “plate” on your own, then you will need a compass, without it you will not be able to do everything right;
- If you have a ventilation pipe on the roof, you can fix it with a bracket, which is fixed with anchor bolts with a diameter of 10 mm. This option is shown in the photo below. Such fasteners can be bought at the store, which simplifies the work, the main thing is that the pipe is positioned as you need it and is strong enough, if the antenna falls, then you will get money;
- If you need to mount on the roof, then I advise you to use the same option as described above: a neat hole is made in the roof and the pipe is fixed. . It can be fixed both on rafters and on wooden or brick supports, if any, you just need to purchase a few clamps and use dowels to fix the pipe on the structure. In order to set the structure evenly, you can simply put a board under the pipe;
- The place where the pipe exits to the roof is sealed, and the antenna itself is attached to the rack, after which the wires are connected to the receiving head, these aspects are described in separate instructions, so I will not dwell on them. It is important to make the connection airtight so that moisture does not get on the wires;
- After connecting, you need to clearly and accurately set the antenna in azimuth, it is better if someone at home checks how the signal arrives. If everything is fine, then you can fix the node in the optimal position;
If you do not fix the antenna securely, then a strong wind can simply turn it and all your settings will go astray. Therefore, check the strength of fixation.
Antennas in apartment buildings
Very often, apartment owners, if they want to install an antenna on the roof, face a number of difficulties and obstacles from the housing and communal services. But if you know all your rights, then you can easily solve this problem. I will tell you about all the nuances and present them in a table to make it easier to understand the information and systematize it.
| Legal aspect | Detailed explanation |
| The roof is a public facility | According to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, all owners of an apartment building are also co-owners of common areas, which include the roof, basement and attic space, if any. Any tenant can use the rooftop space for personal use. If by doing this he does not create problems for other people and does not spoil the design of the house |
| Free access | In almost all houses, exits to the roof are closed, and the keys are kept by the employees of the housing and communal services, who very often refuse access to the roof, citing the fact that only utility workers can be there. But, as is clear from the paragraph above, you are required to provide access, so write a statement in writing, the housing office will have to give a written answer, and in order not to create problems, they will give you the key |
| Getting permission | Still, it is not worth it to carry out work without permission, you need to take a written permission from the operational service and carry out work with it legally. The main thing is that your antenna does not pose a danger and does not interfere with other residents, and also located in permitted places and does not damage the building structure |
Only two factors can serve as grounds for refusal: the impossibility of erecting the structure for technical reasons and the inclusion of the building in the list of historical and cultural values. Therefore, if you have doubts about the legality of refusing to issue a permit, then contact a higher authority.
Now let's figure out how the installation is carried out, and start with conventional antennas. Here we have to do the following:
- First of all, you need to figure out where you can install antennas, most often ventilation shafts, elevator shafts, parapets and other concrete or metal elements are suitable for this purpose.that can be found on rooftops. You need to carefully weigh all the pros and cons and only then make a decision. As an example, I showed the photo below, it shows three suitable options, the choice of a specific one depends on the design of the antenna and its height;
- Sometimes there are masts specially designed for antennas on the roof, this is the easiest option, you need to find a place and fix your structure with the metal clamps that I talked about above. But this option is found in houses of old construction, so you should not hope for such a simple solution to the installation issue;
- If you need to get out of the situation yourself, then you should attach the mast to a brick or concrete base. If you do not need to install a high pipe and there is a brick parapet around the perimeter of the roof, then you can fasten directly to it using anchor bolts with a nut. The main thing is to fix the structure securely so that there is no danger of its falling;
- In all other cases, the mast must be attached to ventilation or elevator shafts, for this, anchor bolts and clamps are used, which can be bought ready-made, or you can bend it out of steel yourself. Elevator shafts are preferable, since they are of great height and even a tall pipe can be more firmly fixed on them;
As for satellite dishes, on the one hand it is easier to install them due to their small dimensions, and on the other hand it is more difficult - you need to place the signal receiver in a certain direction.
As for the basic mounting options, I can recommend several solutions:
- If you have a reliable metal parapet around the perimeter of the roof, then installing the structure is not difficult, you just need to fix it with a metal clamp on the pipe, connect the wire and set the exact position, after which the final fixation is carried out. It is better to mount the antenna not to horizontal jumpers, but to vertical posts, it is much more reliable;
- The elevator shafts are fastened using standard wall brackets, they are fixed with anchor bolts, after which the structure is assembled and connected. This is the most reliable solution, it's a pity that such mines are found only on high-rise buildings;
- An antenna can also be placed on ventilation shafts, in which case smaller brackets should be used. This option is most common among residents of ordinary five-story buildings, since it is the only suitable place for installation there;
- If there is nowhere to gain a foothold or you don’t want to bother with a perforator on the roof, the best solution would be to use a special support for a satellite dish, you can buy it ready-made (although the price starts from 10,000 rubles), or you can weld it on your own. The design should not be very heavy, but you need to drag it to the roof. To give the system stability, you just need to press the frame around the perimeter with concrete blocks.
What I would like to say at the end of this section is that you must understand that the responsibility for the reliability of installation lies entirely with you. If the structure falls and causes harm to the health or property of other people, then you will have to answer. Therefore, do not save on the quality of fasteners and supporting structures, choose the most reliable and durable.
The same applies to roofing: if as a result of installing an antenna you damage it and flood someone, then you will not only have to reimburse the costs of repairs and decoration, but also pay for roofing work out of your own pocket. Therefore, I advise you not to touch the roof surface, even if the ZhEK employees do not mind, who knows how the mount will behave and whether a leak will form at the installation site in a couple of years.
Conclusion
As you can see, there are a lot of options for mounting antennas, and it all depends on the configuration of the roof and the modification of the equipment used. In the private sector, you can carry out work as you please, and in apartment buildings, you must first coordinate the work and obtain an order, otherwise the equipment may be dismantled without your knowledge.
The video in this article will tell you in detail some of the important nuances of the workflow, and if you have questions regarding mounting antennas on the roof, then write them in the comments below the review.
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