Furnace chimneys - varieties and features of the application

Not sure how to make a solid fuel boiler or stove work more efficiently? I've thought about this before. Now, having gained experience in this matter, I can tell you which chimneys can create sufficient draft.

The company VEK offers at affordable prices. Here, customers are offered many options with different sizes and chimney diameters: from 80 mm to 200 mm. All typesetting elements that are necessary for installation can also be purchased in the online store.

The main types of chimneys

Illustrations	Current chimneys and their description
	brick. Brick pipes are a traditional solution for stoves in most country houses. Such designs look good and, at the same time, are a logical addition to a brick oven.
	metal. Metal chimneys are made of stainless steel. The most commonly used sheet metal with a thickness of 0.5-0.8 mm. The metal has a high thermal conductivity, therefore, when constructing such structures, special thermal insulation and heat-resistant elements are used to pass through wooden floors. .
	Ceramic. Ceramic chimneys are expensive, durable and outwardly beautiful designs. Such pipes, unlike other chimneys, rarely need preventive maintenance and cleaning. In addition, ceramic structures are characterized by low thermal conductivity, and therefore they are safe, unlike metal structures.
	Asbestos-cement. Such pipes have been very popular until relatively recently. The asbestos-cement components of the heating system were not particularly durable, but the price of pipes on the market is the lowest. However, asbestos cement has much more disadvantages than advantages, therefore, such pipes are widely abandoned in favor of more practical metal structures.

What you need to know about brick chimneys

Advantages:

1. Possibility of building with your own hands. You can find a free ordering scheme (laying bricks for each row) and assemble the structure. But the independent construction of a complex structure will be carried out at your own risk, since there is a possibility that the chimney will not work efficiently;
2. Ideal ratio with classic brick ovens. A brick chimney is built as an addition to a brick stove, so a well-designed stove with a chimney will provide excellent draft and good heat savings;
3. Fire safety. Brick is characterized by low thermal conductivity, and therefore, unlike metal, the structure can pass through the ceiling with minimal security measures.

Flaws:

1. Low compatibility with most modern energy efficient boilers. A modern boiler, unlike the old furnace, operates at intervals. Consequently, the exhaust gas comes out in volleys. As a result, the brick warms up and then cools down, and so on many times a day.
   In addition, due to periodic heating, condensate appears, the pipe soaks and is intensively destroyed;
2. The high price of building material and stove services. It will take a lot of bricks to build a chimney, and the stove-maker will have to pay the same amount for the work. As a result, the price of the finished structure will be comparable to the cost of a high-quality metal sandwich.

Protection against premature destruction

The disadvantage of brick chimneys is their low resistance to exhaust gas, moisture and sharp temperature fluctuations. After the first energy-efficient boilers appeared on the market, they began to be connected to what was - to brick pipes. The result was not long in coming and, it would seem, reliable brick structures literally fell apart for several years.

The solution to the problem was the installation of a metal sleeve inside the smoke duct.On the other hand, why not install metal chimneys in the first place?

What to consider when building

Illustrations	Construction Recommendations
	Great weight and, as a result, the need for a good foundation. If the chimney is built, starting not from the surface of the furnace, but close to the heater, then the lower part of the structure will rest against the floor. So, it is necessary to arrange in advance a massive foundation, possibly associated with a furnace foundation. The base is made of concrete with mandatory reinforcement.
	Height relative to ridge. To ensure good draft, the height of the chimney must be matched to the height of the roof ridge. The diagram shows that the closer the pipe is to the ridge, the higher it should be. Failure to comply with this rule will lead to the fact that the draft will be low and the stove will simply not burn.
	Outlet dimensions. In order to provide the stove with good draft, the dimensions of the chimney outlet are selected similarly to the dimensions of the blower. Despite the simplicity of this solution, it is traditionally used by all stove-makers.
	Choosing the right mortar. Cement-sand mortar, which is traditionally used for masonry work, is not suitable. For brickwork, clay is sifted, mixed with water and kneaded until the consistency of soft plasticine is obtained; To get high quality masonry, instead of ordinary clay, you can buy a dry mixture of fireclay clay to prepare the appropriate solution.

The device of metal chimneys

How to make a metal chimney? Everything is very simple - you need to purchase ready-made elements of the system and assemble them at the facility.

Illustrations	Elements of a metal chimney and their description
	Single wall pipes. Such chimneys are made of stainless steel and are used either outside the room, where the heated surface is not dangerous, or inside the house, where the heated metal is used as an additional heater. When a single-wall pipe passes through the ceiling, the installation is carried out through heat-resistant elements filled with refractory material.
	Double wall pipes. Sandwich pipe for a chimney is a structure consisting of an outer and an inner pipe, between which there is a gap. Chimney insulation is laid in the gap. As a rule, a foil plate of basalt wool is used. To ensure sufficient rigidity of the entire structure, stiffeners are located between the outer and inner tubes.
	Elbow 45°. This element is used to change the angle of the chimney, both in horizontal and vertical sections. Like pipes, elbows are double-walled and single-walled.
	Elbow 90°. This is another element with which the direction of the pipe changes. For example, with the help of a knee, a pipe is passed through the wall if the chimney on the street runs along the wall.
	Tee. This element is used to connect the pipe to the boiler. The tee has 2 open outlets: central - for a heater; upper - for connecting a pipe and a lower outlet with a plug for condensate drainage. Tees are single-walled, as in the photo, or sandwich structures. The central outlet can be located both at a right angle and at an angle of 45 °.
	Start and finish. The start is called an adapter from a single-walled pipe to a sandwich. An adapter is used to change from a smaller diameter to a larger one. The finish is used to transition from a larger diameter to a smaller one.
	Gate valve. This element is installed in the upper part of the pipe located in the room. The damper is used as a plug if you need to close the pipe and keep the heat in the boiler overnight.
	Passing element. This element does not allow contact between the metal pipe and the wooden floor. Some passage elements, for greater safety, are made in the form of boxes into which expanded clay or similar heat-insulating materials are poured.
	Fasteners. These elements include clamps and mounting brackets. All these details perform one function - they securely fasten the chimneys, preventing them from sagging and swinging.
	weather vane. This is the final element, which is installed in the upper part of the pipe and contributes to the creation of traction, and also prevents the penetration of precipitation into the chimney.

Summing up

Now you know which chimneys can be used to operate stoves and boilers. Do not forget to watch the video in this article, it will be interesting to you. And if you have any questions, ask in the comments.

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